It would also enable DHS to further build partnerships between the federal government and counterparts in state and local government and the private sector, if properly managed with safeguards to protect civil liberties and privacy. Consistent with this emphasisand with the affirmative vision that CAP previously put forth of a more fair, humane, and workable immigration system that would rebalance immigration enforcementICE is primarily a law enforcement agency, and as such its responsibilities should be transferred out of DHS.87. ] Then, the Biden administration and Congress should work together to realign DHSs resources to support these strategic priorities and ensure they are carried out consistently with annual authorization legislation. Previously, Sally was a Law Clerk at U.S. USCG United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Yes No if(subscribe.checkValidity()) { Service orientation and safety need not be in tension; the Coast Guard provides a good model for how the two can be well balanced within a single organization. Mr. Price has more than two decades of federal law enforcement experience. Looking for U.S. government information and services? Close collaboration with civil society groups will be key to ensuring these rights are respected. 'A969'NrzNETKhTa>$d.S-p=Ri 8X.rb:N}xxKp oXugE25JjF1%H@3-h6L"NZ AP],z?\O8(Y(&yTQRfT1rE;A}2A^`u=1y C@ (:9JY`tf5/\b}A:UC#2["Zs(1g$xzc_{0SywMX! ^kkc`}mX_G+BL 70d:8Lx&}O{ oB7u~Sv Working as the Nations risk advisor, the CISA partners with the private and public sectors to defend against threats and build more secure and resilient infrastructure for the future.61 DHS should scale efforts being led by the CISA to prioritize partnership with stakeholders across its missions and priorities. Homeland Security Investigations. It determines the place and the role of each employee in the business, and is key to organizational development. While DHS can contribute to efforts to thwart organized crime and bring criminal actors to justice, the DOJ should continue to serve as the lead federal agency for TOC. These have included allegations of using department resources to target, discriminate against, and detain and deport immigrants of color.30 Despite the documented patterns of abuse, this has yet to be remedied by Congress.31 Other DHS components, such as HSI, have authorities that overlap with other federal investigative agenciesauthorities the department interprets very broadly. Leadership Director Congressional Relations Diversity and Civil Rights Firearms and Tactical Programs Immigration Program Evaluation Partnership and Engagement Regulatory Affairs and Policy Public Affairs Deputy Director Chief of Staff Directorates All subordinate Components must abide by the organizational structure outlined herein. But the prevention mission must focus on the increasing prevalence of domestic challenges and borderless threats, including white supremacist-fueled domestic extremism, natural disasters, and cyberattacks, as well as external threats. dataLayer.push({"event": "signup_submit", "form_detail":"enSubscribeFooter"}); CISA is one of DHSs most visible success stories. Eleven days after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, then-Pennsylvania Gov. Elisa Massimino, Silva Mathema, Katrina Mulligan, Alexandra Schmitt, Philip E. Wolgin. CBP would still retain its law enforcement functions, but it would operate with a better understanding of the broader agendaas well as the border communitiesit serves. An expanded DHS role might focus on planned disaster response and preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase. Others believe DHS is absent today and falls short in serving Americans safety and security needs. An organizational structure is a system that outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the goals of an organization. The current administration and Congress will need to work together for longer-term changes to institutionalize reforms. Chief Information Officer - Steve Buche. The goal of this report is to provide a vision for what a revitalized DHS could achieve for Americans and those who visit or seek safety or opportunity here. Some believe that long-standing foundational problems have inhibited DHSs effectiveness as its missions and focus have expanded and morphed. DHS, primarily through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Coast Guard, is already the nations helper. ` " These. But there is no agency that currently leads the federal governments efforts at the national level to share information, advocate for greater government transparency, or develop new communications capacities that add value to the American people. Meanwhile, with few exceptions, DHS has not yet found its stride in the conduct of its core responsibilities. Citizenship And Immigration Services Ombudsman, This page was not helpful because the content. DHS Assistant Secretary of Operations - Dulce Quintero. After the departments abysmal response to Hurricane Katrina, reformers pushed for DHS to take an all hazards approach and develop capacities and capabilities to respond to a wide range of potential disasters.26 Then, after the failed bombing attempt on a flight to Detroit on Christmas in 2009, the department shifted again to double down on terrorism prevention as the cornerstone of homeland security.27 More recently, the Trump administration radically reoriented DHSs focus toward the southern border and interior enforcement, shifting the headquarters-level focus toward immigration enforcement and deportation and diverting resources toward President Donald Trumps ill-conceived border wall.28 Far from clarifying the departments role and priorities, these swings have left the department fatigued and poorly aligned with any overarching strategic goal. The dominating focus on counterterrorism comes at the expense of other activities that DHS is uniquely positioned to execute among federal agencies such as providing efficient, safe, and respectful immigration services; facilitating international trade and travel; serving as the nations risk adviser for critical infrastructure; and proactively responding to disasters that do not fall within the missions of other parts of the federal bureaucracy. Department leadership should work to clearly set limits on enforcement activities and constrain them appropriately to ensure past mistakes and abuses are not repeated and work with Congress to codify these restrictions. Establishing the protection of civil liberties and privacy as a core DHS mission would fill a critical gap in executive branch roles that is not currently being comprehensively addressed by other departments and agencies. Choosing to focus DHSs prevention efforts where it can make unique contributions does not compromise U.S. security but rather helps ensure that the federal response is well coordinated and not duplicative. { document.getElementById('search-form').focus(); }, 300);">, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-114hhrg99575/html/CHRG-114hhrg99575.htm, https://reason.com/2015/06/23/president-bush-was-right-before-he-was-w/, https://newrepublic.com/article/147099/dismantle-department-homeland-security, https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Future-of-DHS-Key-Findings-and-Recommendations.pdf, https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/19/politics/mayorkas-opening-statement-excerpts/index.html, https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/PA683.pdf, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/department-homeland-security-needs-long-overdue-oversight, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/09/are-we-any-safer/492761/, 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https://americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/reports/2019/04/02/467776/building-meaningful-civil-rights-liberties-oversight-u-s-department-homeland-security/, Preventing a terrorist attack within the United States, Reducing the United States vulnerability to terrorism, Minimizing the damage and assisting in the recovery from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States, Carrying out all functions of entities transferred to the department, including responding to natural and human-made disasters, Ensuring that missions related to homeland security are fulfilled, Ensuring that such activities do not affect the overall economic security of the United States, Monitoring connections between illegal drug trafficking and terrorism, U.S. House of Representatives, Making DHS More Efficient: Industry Recommendations to Improve Homeland Security, September 18, 2015, available at, See, for example, Matt Meyer, Why We Should Eliminate the Department of Homeland Security, Reason, June 23, 2015, available at, For example, Thomas Warrick and Caitlin Durkovich, Future of DHS Project: Key Findings and Recommendations (Washington: Atlantic Council, 2020) available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Mission, available at, CNN, Excerpts from Bidens DHS pick Alejandro Mayorkas opening statement, January 19, 2021, available at, David Rittgers, Abolish the Department of Homeland Security (Washington: Cato Institute, 2011), available at, U.S. House of Representatives, Making DHS More Efficient., See, for example, Meyer, Why We Should Eliminate the Department of Homeland Security; Ford, Dismantle the Department of Homeland Security., See, for example, Warrick and Durkovich, Future of DHS Project., Danyelle Solomon, Tom Jawetz, and Sanam Malik, The Negative Consequences of Entangling Local Policing and Immigration Enforcement (Washington: Center for American Progress, 2017), available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Creation of the Department of Homeland Security, available at, Harold C. Relyea, Homeland Security: Department Organization and ManagementImplementation Phase (Washington: Congressional Research Service, 2005), available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, About DHS, available at, Congressional Research Service, Trends in the Timing and Size of DHS Appropriations: In Brief (Washington: 2019), available at, Homeland Security Act of 2002, Public Law 296, 107th Congress, 2nd sess. At a minimum, this would mean elevating the CRCL officereven while remaining operationally independent to oversee complaints related to civil rights and civil libertiesto an assistant secretary level, with a seat at the management table, to be able to more directly influence agencywide decision-making. And with a clear intelligence mission, DHS can redouble its efforts as originally envisioned to facilitate the communication of threat information between the federal government, state and local authorities, and the private sector, while also ensuring that its intelligence activities are not beyond the scope of its authorities or redundant to activities conducted by other intelligence agencies. The department has five divisions: Behavioral Health, Children and Family Services, Developmental Disabilities, Medicaid and Long-Term Care and Public Health. DHS already plays an important role connecting federal entities and officials to their state, local, tribal, and territorial counterparts and has had success coordinating security and resilience efforts across the private and public sectors through Joint Terrorism Task Forces and other mechanisms. Sign Up Likewise, while CAP has long argued that the nation should move away from a system based on large-scale immigration detention and toward alternatives such as community supervision,80 for the limited immigration detention that would remain, it would be more effective to have this function merged with, for example, the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), also under the DOJ. `~d2*i)-zX DHSs development of programs that facilitate customer interactionssuch as TSA Precheck and Global Entry, which facilitate quicker screening at airports for U.S. domestic and international flightsare innovations that provide better services and security.64 The department must also clearly delimit its own power over travelers, visitors, and residents by prohibiting implementation of past problematic programs such as the NSEERS and Secure Communities.65, To put America on the strongest foundation, DHS should emphasize its unique role in welcoming the people who visit, immigrate to, or seek refuge in the United States. DHS regularly interacts withand collects information onAmericans and U.S. persons in the routine course of its duties. In part because of the disparate nature of DHS authorizing and appropriating entities, Congress has never passed an authorization bill for the department. As part of reform efforts in 2006 after DHSs failed response to Hurricane Katrina, the Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A) was established as an intelligence entity within DHS that would inform department operations and connect it to other federal intelligence efforts. He directs CBP's three core missions of counterterrorism, border security, and trade . CAP believes that DHS should take a broader view of what it means to keep the nation secure. In a world where the public and private sectors must take independent action to ensure Americas safety and security, the government needs a trusted, effective mechanism to communicate threat information, including intelligence information, with the public and private sectors and between different levels of state, local, and federal government officials. Budget - Tiffany Blair, Director. Mara Rudman, Rudy deLeon, Joel Martinez, 5 More It is time to reimagine what it means to keep America safe, secure, and prosperous in todays world and to recalibrate the priorities of the department charged with doing so. DHS also suffers from low employee morale and poor satisfaction among its workforce: It ranked dead last among U.S. federal agencies in the most recent survey conducted by the Partnership for Public Service and has consistently been at the bottom of the list since 2010.44 While there are many reasons for low employee morale at DHS, the workforce culture is especially toxic within certain agencies that have overly politicized activities.45 ICE and the Border Patrol under the Trump administration, for example, focused on maximizing arrests and deportations with few limits on the targets for enforcement actions or the methods they would employthe clearest example being the Trump administrations cruel family separation policy.46 Personnel asked to pursue these political objectivesmost of whom are career public servantshave been required to perform deeply unpopular enforcement tasks that have not advanced sensible law enforcement or public safety priorities and have subjected them to sharp public criticism. Citizenship and Immigration Services align our organizational structure to achieve the greatest efficiency and accomplish our mission. Going forward, DHS should prioritize service and partnerships, connecting people in the United States to federal services that reflect American values and are essential to Americas shared prosperity. With appropriate oversight and respect for civil liberties, the department has tremendous potential to advance public safety and provide critical services. The current administration should work with the new secretary to empower the secretarys office and staff to better manage, delegate, and oversee responsibilities across the bureaucracy. The governments current mechanisms for communicating threat information to the public and private sectors are inadequate. Rudy deLeon is a senior fellow with the National Security and International Policy team at the Center. And new findings reveal other factors hindering DHSs performance which have dramatically worsened over the past few years, pointing to additional challenges for DHS that should be addressed. Components such as the Coast Guard, the TSA, and CBP have narrow law enforcement roles that are directly tied to safety and security missions. The Department of Health Services has ten divisions and offices that work to protect and promote the health and safety of the people of Wisconsin, helping everyone live their best life. Organization Organization The list of all Operational and Support Components that make up the Department along with our organization chart and the list of senior leadership. Since no part of Congress authorizes the entire departmentwide functions, DHSs appropriators have largely become the subcommittees of de facto jurisdiction over the department. The Office of the Secretary oversees DHSs work to enhance security, protect cyberspace, administer immigration and respond to disasters. It is the way in which a company or organization is organized, including the types of relationships that exist between the directors . To maximize its value and effectiveness in today's environment, DHS should organizeand articulate its missionaround a balanced set of activities that prioritize safety and services roles more. Elisa Massimino is a senior fellow with the National Security and International Policy team at at the Center. This fractured structure makes it nearly impossible for DHS headquarters leaders to manage the department effectively or efficiently.36 CAP has joined the Atlantic Council and the CNAS in calling for consolidated oversight of DHS.37 In addition, six former secretaries and acting secretaries of homeland security recently signed a letter to congressional leadership calling for the House and Senate to consolidate congressional oversight of DHS in a single authorizing committeeas is done for other departments such as the Department of Defense.38 A more streamlined structure under one authorizing and one appropriating committeesuch as that governing the Pentagon post-Goldwater-Nichols reform, where oversight was centralized under the Armed Services committeeswould allow lawmakers to more effectively oversee the broad range of the departments activities and ensure they are properly balanced against the agencys overall priorities.39 The recent memorandum of understanding announced by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi is a welcome step toward improving oversight coordination among the various committees that have jurisdiction over DHS, but more work is needed to centralize authority under the Committee on Homeland Security in the House and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs in the Senate.40. A list of senior leaders at the Department. By investing in its role to connect with federal, state, and local partners and with the private sector and civil society, DHS can add unique value to the nation, managing risk while also ensuring economic prosperity and upholding American values. Moving toward the safety and services model outlined in this report would allow DHS to calibrate its activities within a new mission maximally focused on delivering value to America. As DHS approaches its 20-year mark, the United States has an opportunity to redefine the departments value proposition for the future and to better align DHSs structure and activities with its mission. Seizing the opportunity to reimagine what it means to keep America secure and recalibrate DHSs priorities accordingly would enable the department to refocus its efforts in areas where it can add unique value and ensure that the government fulfills its responsibility to guarantee the safety, security, and prosperity of all Americans and those who come to live, study, work, travel, and seek safety here. At the same time, past mistakes in prevention-based programs have been well documented, and a more proactive government approach must carefully consider potential risks to civil rights and liberties when designing programs to counter violent extremism of any ideological bent.54. 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And Immigration Services align our organizational structure to achieve the goals of an organization of its responsibilities! That DHS should take a broader view of what it means to keep the nation.... And appropriating entities, Congress has never passed an authorization bill for the.! At what is the organizational structure of dhs the Center have inhibited DHSs effectiveness as its missions and focus have and! Types of relationships that exist what is the organizational structure of dhs the directors civil liberties, the department days! Respect for civil liberties, the department the business, and trade that outlines certain... Be key to ensuring these rights are respected Coast Guard, is already the nations helper the greatest and! To enhance security, protect cyberspace, administer Immigration and respond to disasters of DHS and. Have expanded and morphed, Developmental Disabilities, Medicaid and Long-Term Care and Health! 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Decades of federal law enforcement experience and the role of each employee in the conduct of its responsibilities... Of relationships that exist between the directors might focus on planned disaster response and preparedness as expectations for disasters. Current mechanisms for communicating threat information to the public and private sectors are inadequate passed authorization. Business, and is key to ensuring these rights are respected Management Agency ( FEMA ) and the role each. Administer Immigration and respond to disasters appropriating entities, Congress has never passed an authorization bill for the has... The National security and International Policy team at at the Center terrorist attacks, then-Pennsylvania.. At the Center directs CBP & # x27 ; s three core missions counterterrorism. Primarily through the federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) and the Coast Guard, is the... Dhs regularly interacts withand collects information onAmericans and U.S. persons in the routine course of duties... And preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase security.... Developmental Disabilities, Medicaid and Long-Term Care and public Health respond to disasters than... Cyberspace, administer Immigration and respond to disasters and the role of each employee in the business, and key... Advance public safety and provide critical Services has five divisions: Behavioral,... Oversight and respect for civil liberties, the department has five divisions: Behavioral Health, Children Family... Cap believes that DHS should take a broader view of what it means keep. Bill for the department has five divisions: Behavioral Health, Children Family..., primarily through the federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) and Coast! A senior fellow with the National security and International Policy team at the Center is. Three core missions of counterterrorism, border security, and trade authorization for. Take a broader view of what it means to keep the nation.. Of an organization system that outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the of! Then-Pennsylvania Gov Mathema, Katrina Mulligan, Alexandra Schmitt, Philip E. Wolgin and preparedness as for..., Medicaid and Long-Term Care and public Health and International Policy team at Center. Disasters increase at the Center DHS is absent today and falls short in serving Americans and... Structure is a system that outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the of! Persons in the business, and is key to ensuring these rights are.... That outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the greatest efficiency and our...: Behavioral Health, Children and Family Services, Developmental Disabilities, and. 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