For instance, long maturity period could be addressed by exploring various propagation methods that shorten the period between establishment and harvest of T. indica. It is believed that evil spirits dwell in tamarind and myrtle tree; therefore, care should be taken to avoid building a house where such trees are present. Under favorable conditions a mature tamarind trees canopy might span up to 40 feet and have a trunk up to 25 feet in circumference. CAS Armed with the boldness of his seventeen years, he accepted the dare to drive a nail through the tamarind of the cemetery. , When visitors think of water in the Virgin Islands the brackish water of wetlands isnt likely anywhere in the lineup. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The research team did not access T. indica in sacred groves as this required strict observance of rituals and practices which were beyond the scope of this study. It forms part of the great African savanna and experiences a sub humid climate characterized by two rainy seasons [15, 16]. The leaves have also been used in dying processes and fruit mixtures for cleaning silver and cooper. The guard had gone.The moment was well chosen. I thought perhaps their reaction was to mine, so I began explaining once more what tamarinds were; that they were sour but tasty. No one spoke the whole way there, from the village to the cemetery. Head high, brisk step, anxious heart. We hypothesized that the indigenous people of Eastern Uganda have used T. indica for generations and developed practices that promote its conservation and therefore we expected that they possess an elaborate IK system and that most of them have planted the species. In the words of one respondent: Planting a tamarind tree is pointless since one cannot live long enough to eat its fruit. Permission was sought from the local authorities before carrying out the study. Manu was ready to do anything to prove that he was the bravest. Although a variety of social and ecological drivers are acting to reduce the use of wild and semi-wild foods, their importance may be set to grow as pressures on agricultural productivity increase [1, 2]. Tamarind is high in many nutrients, including thiamine, magnesium, potassium and iron. No one dares sit in its shade. On the same branch. The tree's wood can be used for woodworking and tamarind seed oil can be extracted from the seeds. Driving Directions to Fort Lauderdale, FL including road conditions, live traffic updates, and reviews of local businesses along the way. He stopped pounding to wipe his eyes. As for me, his children and grandchildren, we continue to enjoy its fruit. Connect with travelers that are planning vacations right here, right now. Fountain Publishers. Table4 outlines the gender roles, beliefs and taboos associated with T. indica ownership, production and trade. A final surge of bravado chased away all caution. The wood is sometimes used to make furniture and wood flooring. Certain legends are remembered, but others rust in time, growing with the tree and becoming totally imprisoned in the bark of their fate. African fruits hold great potential to combat poverty. Behind you!, The whole trees moving! He would finally confront the tamarind that had been mocking him. The population possessed a vast amount of IK about T. indica uses (Table3). However he ate of its fruit for more than 5 years before his death. Find Related Places. Cactus or related plants that are thorny (except for rose) should never be kept in the house. Everything about VA Shiva Ayyadurai, the Indian who invented Email! CT scan exposes that Buddhist monk inside 1000-year-old statue was stuffed with scraps of paper. Beliefs, taboos and superstitions were observed to be an intrinsic part of the IK of the communities in the study areas. Hes coming down., That guy really has guts! 2023 Times Internet Limited. A comparison of the research findings on tamarind uses with those reported in literature (Table5) indicates that T. indica is largely underutilised in the study area. Eighty seven percent of T. indica encountered in quadrats grew among a variety of crops and other tree species. Who will go after him? No one had the courage to follow him. No matter! Separate focus group discussions were held with men, women and children to allow for freedom of expression and bring out any differences in views due to gender or age. Unable to make any movement, his closest friend shouted, Manu, be careful!, He walked as calmly as possible. Nyadoi P. Tamarindus indica L. Genetic structure and niche ecology PhD Thesis, Makerere University. However fruits for sale were picked directly from trees to avoid contamination with soil as buyers would not accept visibly contaminated fruit. I suspected my initial grimace probably sent up a red flag regarding the taste. In spite of everything, such guts that guy has! Hell be killed. We have to do something.. Checking the soil of the plant is always an ideal practice to avoid overwatering. J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine 13, 5 (2017). PubMed Central Delivery & Pickup Options - 1594 reviews of Tamarind Tree Restaurant "Fabulous hidden gem of a restaurant. every learner is entitled to high quality learning resources. It also contains a good chunk of fiber as well as several other micronutrients. Tamarind trees and the fruit have a wide range of uses. CAS Many thanks to field assistants, all respondents who shared information and tamarind owners for allowing us to carry out studies on their land. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/plant/tamarind, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Tamarindus indica: Extent of explored potential, University of Florida - Environmental Horticulture - Tamarindus indica, Healthline - What Is Tamarind? Like the night of a full moon. tamarind, ( Tamarindus indica ), evergreen tree of the pea family ( Fabaceae ), native to tropical Africa. They understood the gravity of the moment, cursing all the gods for putting them in such a situation. This is in agreement with Havinga et al. Here are some of the rules that need to be followed to ensure that your house is Vaastu friendly and also some tips to help you select the plant. There are no ghosts! The observation that most of the T. indica on homesteads and abandoned compounds was in the vicinity of graves also points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica in these communities. 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census Annex 3. Tamarindade is a drink made in a similar way to lemonade; fruit/juice, sugar and water. Cite this article. Is this the branch that will take me to the top? He had already climbed quite high. The bark and leaves were also used to. They watched their friend go off little by little, making his way further and further into the cemetery. PubMed Figure2 provides a summary of propagation history and silvicultural practices for 60 tamarinds observed within quadrats. But what was he to do in the meantime? 2008. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA). The study was part of her PhD work. Bhattacharya S, Bal S, Mukherjee RK, Bhattacharya S. Some physical and engineering Properties of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed. Several beliefs and taboos regarding T. indica persist. Their heart beat fast. Corrections? A violent emotion gripped him. All heads of households or their adult representatives in the selected households who were willing participated in semi-structured interviews. American Chemical Society; 2009: p. 85110. The selective sparing of T. indica seedlings points to the high value attached to it compared to other tree species in the study area. Bharucha Z, Pretty J. EEO is a lecturer in the Department of Geography and Social Studies, Kyambogo University, Uganda. As local people and communities encounter cultural changes there is risk that the knowledge on plant resource use could be lost unless such knowledge is documented and conserved [2]. Both mature and green tamarinds are eaten. Ill nail it through the highest branch.And at midnight! The time when everything in the village is asleep, when everything in the cemetery is awake. Suddenly, at the last moment, his closest friend tried to dissuade him. Why didnt I listen to my friends? Six focus group discussions, 12 key informant interviews and 60 semi-structured interviews were used to collect information about knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and practices [2023] with regard to T. indica. Behind him. Scattered in bars, coffee shop and restaurants, a 25-minute walk from Kenyatta Local Market, the comfortable Tamarind Tree Hotel Nairobi comprises 160 rooms. Admitting youre afraid? His legend would be as tall as that rotten tree. And my friends have abandoned me! It is highly acid, contains 30% - 40% sugar and has high vitamin C and excellent keeping qualities. This practice is in agreement with findings of Gunasena et al., El-Siddig et al. Suddenly, dizziness seized him.All the branches tangled with each other like a nest of hibernating snakes. The same is used for the fruit. [14] knowledge, attitudes and practices can be important indicators for conservation. Tamarind has played an important role in traditional medicine. Updates? Alternatively a long stick was used to remove the fruits. Article Results of tamarind population studies will be published elsewhere. Coffee, jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the vicinity of T. indica. Urbanization has therefore indirectly contributed to reduction of the T. indica population. It was a horrible clatter, enough to wake all the corpses in the cemetery. Tardio J, Parrdo-De-Santayana M. Cultural importance indices: a comparative analysis based on the useful wild plants of southern Cantabria (northern Spain). A large tamarind tree provides ample shade beneath its branches. Fichtl, R. The Tamarind. Fed up with the silence of the cemetery and the cold breeze that periodically slapped him, he decided that it didnt matter where he drove the nail, as long as he got back down as fast as possible. Fandohan AB, Assogbadjo AE, Sinsin B. Endogenous Knowledge on Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in Nothern Benin. Multi-stage proportionate sampling was used to determine the subcounties, villages and numbers of respondents for the study basing on the number of households and size of human population [19]. Tamarindus indica served a variety of functions and uses including food, beverage, ethnomedicines for humans, ethnoveterinary uses, aesthetic uses, environmental amelioration as well as cultural uses. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Afr J Ecol. Why me? The local peoples observations (Table2) are in agreement with documented descriptions of T. indica as having strong roots and branches, wind resistant, highly resistant to disease attacks and able to grow successfully under a variety of soil and agroclimatic conditions [79, 12]. Tamarindus indica was viewed as a useful tree by the majority of respondents. A bigger portion of the rural population practices subsistence farming mostly growing annual crops [15, 16]. 2026 Eller Dr Hollywood FL 33316 (877) 932-4259. Small amounts of tamarind fruit for home consumption were harvested from trees on communal land, ones own land or after seeking the owners permission. Look for fruit stands or for make shift tamarind stands, usually just a small table with a dozen or more bunches of the small brown fruit. There is need to increase overall tree conservation efforts since T. indica grows together with other tree species. Shadows moved around the tombs. I could hear them talking. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of IK, attitudes and practices on the use and conservation of T. indica. Nothing easier, he said. The plant is especially popular in the Indian subcontinent and in Central America and Mexico and is a common ingredient in the cuisine of those regions. It's even an ingredient in Worcestershire sauce. Tamarind Tree is part of the global Open Education movement that believes that irrespective of background, class, gender, religion, caste, etc. All similar responses from semi-structured interviews were compiled and frequencies calculated. Uganda Districts Information Handbook. Each of them felt guilty for undertaking this risky venture, but no one dared be the first to admit it.They kept walking. 2005;89(4):6745. It is used extensively in Indian cooking to enrich the taste of savoury dishes (especially with meat). A cultural practice reported among the Jopadhola ethnic group was that once a girl who has experienced menstrual period climbed a tamarind tree, the fruits of such a tree became sour. Article A heavy atmosphere enveloped and pursued them. 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