Chapter 14 - #1. We too have had our trials and difficulties. At the darkest hour of our struggle the Provisional gives place to the Permanent Government. He described how it is 'the right of the people to alter or abolish' (get rid of) the government at will 'whenever they become destructive of the ends for which they were established.' Jack Shorter, an enslaved stable hand at the Presidents House, may have been the groom. War of conquest they cannot wage, because the Constitution of their Confederacy admits of no coerced association. endowed with the faculties & the rights of men, breathing an ardent love of liberty and independance, & occupying a country which left them no desire but to be undisturbed, the stream of overflowing population from other regions directed itself on these shores. Davis's inaugural address sought to prove that the formation of the Confederate States of America--and his Presidency over them--was, under the terms of the founding documents of the United States, lawful and even prescribed. Phone: (713) 348-2586 topics that appear in. When he started is not known, as he did not put dates on any of the surviving draft fragments. Nor would the constancy of these supplies be likely to be disturbed by war. George Washington had chosen to speak only briefly, and John Adams had not had the opportunity to give one. Box 1892 Houston, Texas 77251-1892 Phone and Fax Numbers Phone: (713) 348-2586 Fax: (713) 348-6172 Email Address E-mail: Thomas Jefferson's inaugural address, delivered on March 4, 1801, was a statement of purpose for his presidency. Whatever of hope some may have entertained that a returning sense of justice would remove the danger with which our rights were threatened, and render it possible to preserve the Union of the Constitution, must have been dispelled by the malignity and barbarity of the Northern States in the prosecution of the existing war. Nothing was then left to do but to prepare for war. War will then be but a suspension of useful works; & a return to a state of peace a return to the progress of improvement. Virginia, on February 22, 1862. But the endeavors to enlighten them on the fate which awaits their present course of life, to induce them to exercise their reason, follow its dictates, & change their pursuits with the change of circumstances, have powerful obstacles to encounter. On taking this station on a former occasion, I declared the principles on which I believed it my duty to administer the affairs of our commonwealth. Printers, Jefferson argued, needed to be held accountable for disseminating dishonest or licentious information. The Aboriginal inhabitants of these countries I have regarded with the commiseration their history inspires. To show ourselves worthy of the inheritance bequeathed to us by the patriots of the Revolution, we must emulate that heroic devotion which made reverse to them but the crucible in which their patriotism was refined. Contemplating the union of sentiment now manifested so generally, as auguring harmony & happiness to our future course, I offer to our country sincere congratulations. I am sensible of no passion which could seduce me knowingly from the path of justice. Jefferson Davis' First Inaugural Address Alabama Capitol, Montgomery, February 18, 1861 Gentlemen of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, Friends and Fellow-Citizens: Vice president of the Confederate States (1812-1883) On this day in 1861, former U.S. In matters of Religion, I have considered that its free exercise is placed by the constitution independant of the powers of the general government. 90 terms. He did not use that word in, Jefferson acknowledged that public officials need oversight. Summarized in The Papers of Jefferson Davis, Volume 8, p. 55. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892 |, 713-348-0000 | Privacy Policy | Web Accessibility | Campus Carry, Volume 10 (October 1863-August 1864) Index, Volume 11 (September 1864-May 1865) Index. we have done them justice on all occasions; favor, where favor was lawful, & cherished mutual interests & intercourse on fair & equal terms. The world at large is concerned in opening our markets to its commerce. The courts have been open, the judicial functions fully executed, and every right of the peaceful citizen maintained as securely as if a war of invasion had not disturbed the land. if there be still improprieties which this rule would not restrain, its Supplement must be sought in the Censorship of Public opinion. We have neither asked nor received assistance from any quarter. Three weeks later, Abraham Lincoln did likewise, with different results. But the Government at Washington, denying our right to self-government, refused even to listen to any proposals for a peaceful separation. Davis argued that the North oppressed . now reduced within limits too narrow for the hunter-state, humanity enjoins us to teach them agriculture & the domestic arts; to encourage them to that industry which alone can enable them to maintain their place in existence, & to prepare them in time for that state of society, which to bodily comforts adds the improvement of the mind & morals. In that address he explicitly condemned political intolerancedeclared all were federalists, all were republicansYet in a few days after that, he removed many deserving men from office, because they were federalists. He also criticized Jefferson as imprudent for explicitly censuring & condemning former Administrations & lavishing encomiums on himself for effecting a discontinuance of the Internal Revenues, and for his expansive complaints about abuse by the press: One would have thought that Mr. Jefferson after having hired such infamous wretches as Freneau, Bache, Duane, Callender, Payne & others, to defame villify & calumniate, Washington, Adams, & their associateshe would not have complained of news paper publications! But even Plumer admitted that Jefferson has his talents& those of the popular kind, since it was an important practice for him to never pursue a measure if it becomes unpopular (Brown, John Tyler expressed the opposite view in a letter to Jefferson, writing that without flattery, the address adds a Lustre to the whole of your Life if any thing coud be necessary to highten your public Character. He anticipated that any who continued to oppose Jeffersons administration must see the soundness of the reasoning, and the temper and philanthropy with which it is expressd, and it would have the happyest effect on every person not so vicious as to persist in Spite of Light and truth in a perverse Opinion. Jefferson replied with appreciation, reiterating to Tyler that performance was the proper office of the second inaugural, in contrast to profession and promise in the first. and, that redemption once effected, the revenue thereby liberated may, by a just repartition of it among the states, & a corresponding amendment of the constitution, be applied, in time of peace, to rivers, canals, roads, arts, manufactures, education, & other great objects within each state. William Plumer accused Jefferson of hypocrisy: his Conscience tells him he has on every occasion acted up to the declaration contained in his former inaugural speech. 4 Mch. Absent from the scene were some members of Congress who had left for home after the close of the session the previous day (Augustus Foster to Frederick Foster, 1 July 1805, in Vere Foster, ed., To deliver his inaugural address, Jefferson had prepared a special reading copy that is unlike any other document in his papers (see. He made it clear that he did not approve of its practice and denounced slavery as one of the 'offenses' of God, who 'wills to remove' it from America. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Civil war there cannot be between States held together by their volition only. The first full text that survives is the finished address, Jefferson struggled with the two additional Genl. Another piece from his drafting of the second inaugural address is on the same sheet as fragments of text from Jefferson's early drafting of his first and third annual messages to Congress in 1801 and 1803 ( Document II ). A million of men, it is estimated, are now standing in hostile array, and waging war along a frontier of thousands of miles. Bastiles filled with prisoners, arrested without civil process or indictment duly found; the writ ofhabeas corpussuspended by Executive mandate; a State Legislature controlled by the imprisonment of members whose avowed principles suggested to the Federal Executive that there might be another added to the list of seceded States; elections held under threats of a military power; civil officers, peaceful citizens, and gentle-women incarcerated for opinions sakeproclaimed the incapacity of our late associates to administer a Government as free, liberal, and humane as that established for our common use. Battles have been fought, sieges have been conducted, and, although the contest is not ended, and the tide for the moment is against us, the final result in our favor is not doubtful. Fellow-Citizens: On this the birthday of the man most identified with the establishment of American independence, and beneath the monument erected to commemorate his heroic virtues and those of his compatriots, we have assembled to usher into existence the Permanent Government of the Confederate States. Although perhaps not as famous as Lincoln, Jefferson Davis' words still play an important role in American history. Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 - December 6, 1889) was an American military officer, statesman, and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, serving as the President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history, 1861 to 1865. The tyranny of an unbridled majority, the most odious and least responsible form of despotism, has denied us both the right and the remedy. 1862 (and Washington's birthday), Davis gave a second inaugural address, after winning an election under . Remember how Davis argued that it was a necessity for the South to leave the union? Lincoln-Douglas Debates History & Significance | What Was the Lincoln-Douglas Debate? Title. Our confederate strength will be too great to tempt aggression; and never was there a people whose interests and principles committed them so fully to a peaceful policy as those of the Confederate States. Senator Jefferson Davis took to a podium for his presidential inaugural and gave an impassioned speech about the Constitution. While some printers were content to reproduce the address with minimal commentary, a number of local editorialsRepublican and Federalistwrapped the text in either praise or condemnation, usually in line with the papers party affiliation. If the acquiescence of foreign nations in a pretended blockade has deprived us of our commerce with them, it is fast making us a self-supporting and an independent people. 17 terms. But how many of you can quote an excerpt from a speech given by Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederacy? Yet for all the effort and thought he invested in making the copy a script for oral delivery, as an oration the address failed. The Government had ceased to answer the ends for which it was ordained and established. On the other side of the political aisle, the. Nor would the constancy of these supplies be likely to be disturbed by war. I have no doubt, he wrote, that it was printed long before I left Washington & was brot to Baltimore in the same stage that brought me. The. Note: this link will eventually disappear! in short, my friends, among them also is seen the action and counteraction of good sense and of bigotry. We will then compare those views with President Lincoln as stated in his two inaugural addresses and Gettysburg Address. The tyranny of an unbridled majority, the most odious and least responsible form of despotism, has denied us both the right and the remedy. that is due in the first place to the reflecting character of our citizens at large, who, by the weight of public opinion, influence and strengthen the public measures. Thomas Jefferson's inaugural address, given on March 4, 1801, was a speech that outlined his vision for the country and his priorities as President. Jefferson Davis (pictured here on the eve of the Civil War) delivered his second inaugural address in Richmond, Virginia, on February 22, 1862. . The period is near at hand when our foes must sink under the immense load of debt which they have incurred, a debt which in their effort to subjugate us has already attained such fearful dimensions as will subject them to burdens which must continue to oppress them for generations to come. Lincoln's second inaugural address: described the Civil War as divine punishment. Learn more about Davis' views and how they differed from those expressed by Abraham Lincoln in his public address. In each of the segments illustrated above, a single long stroke appears in a high position midway along the line. but public duties more urgent press on the time of public servants and the offenders have therefore been left to find their punishment in the public indignation. Rice University--MS 215 (See Documents, Neither of Jeffersons predecessors as president had given a second inaugural address. During this course of administration, and in order to disturb it, the artillery of the Press has been levelled against us, charged with whatsoever its licentiousness could devise or dare. Delaware and Maryland, both slave states, did not vote to secede. Davis helped set up a new government in the Confederacy, with the goal of making it similar to the United States. Seven Southern states. 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